History of Berlin-Brandenburg and Germany

First documented in the 13th century, Berlin was successively the capital of the Kingdom of Prussia (1701-1918), the German Empire (1871-1918), the Weimar Republic (1919-1933) and the Third Reich (1933-1945). After the Second World War, the city was divided; East Berlin became the capital of East Germany while West Berlin became a Western enclave, surrounded by the Berlin Wall from 1961-1989. Following the reunification of Germany in 1990, the city regained its status as the capital of all Germany. See our Timelines for more information.

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1. The Germanic tribes (100 BC to AD 300)

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1.1 Early Germanic Tribes
1.2 Later Germanic Tribes

2 The Franks

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2.1 The Frankish Empire

3 The Middle Ages

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3.1 The Middle Ages

4 Early modern Germany

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4.1 Reformation and Thirty Years War
4.2 End of the Holy Roman Empire

5 The German Confederation

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5.1 Restoration and Revolution

6 The North German Federation

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6.1 The North German Federation

7 The German Empire and World War I

7.1 The Age of Bismarck
7.2 The Wilhelminian Era

8 The Weimar Republic

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8.1 The Early Weimar Era
9.2 Final Days of the Weimar Republic

9 The German Reich - Commonly Known as 'The Third Reich'

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9.1 The Nazi Revolution or 'Seizure of Power'
9.2 German Expansion and Defeat

10 Germany Since 1945

The section covers the history of the post-war Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the history of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany or GDR) from 1945 to 1990, as well as German Reunification and Berlin's role in the European Union (EU).

10.1 The Cold War
10.2 German Reunification
10.3 Berlin's Role in the European Union

12 Hypermedia Maps of Berlin from 1237 to Present

11 Historical Documents

13 Historical References

14 External History links

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